John Moses Browning / "Browning"

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John Mozes Brauning was born on January, 23rd 1855 in the city of Ogden (Ogden), the State of Utah. It was one of 22 children Dzhonatana of the Browning who, being the Mormon, had three wives. John since the early childhood has been surrounded by the weapon, his father worked as the weapon smith and small John has learnt the name of parts, details and mechanisms earlier, than has learnt to read.

John Moses Browning was born on January, 23rd 1855 in the city of Ogden (Ogden), the State of Utah. It was one of 22 children Dzhonatana of the Browning who, being the Mormon, had three wives. John since the early childhood has been surrounded by the weapon, his father worked as the weapon smith and small John has learnt the name of parts, details and mechanisms earlier, than has learnt to read.

In 23 years John Moses Browning receives the first patent on odnozarjadnuju a rifle «J. M. Browning Single Shot Rifle», known also under the name «Model 1879». Later it has improved it and under the name «Model 1885» it is made till now. Shortly before the death his father, being already sick, passes a smithy and weapon shop to John and his brother Mattu. Together with the brother they open small weapon factory - shop named «J. M. Browning and Bros.», with staff in seven persons and it is less than one thousand dollars on the bank account.

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In a current of several years of business of the company went with variable success while in their 1883 odnozarjadnuju the rifle was got casually by the representative of company "Winchester" Andrew MakAusland. It has shown this rifle to a firm management which has highly appreciated its design and design. On a meeting with brothers the Browning has left operating company "Winchester" T. G.Bennet who has arrived to Ogden after six days. The contract has been concluded, and brothers began to work on company "Winchester".

Here John Mozes Brauning has patented some the inventions and has invented a semi-automatic gun with the shop located under a trunk. A new gun with such shop has received the name «Auto - 5», or Model 1900, and is made till now. Rifles have been besides, developed: the Store rifle of 1886, the Store gun of 1887, the Store rifle of 1894, the Store rifle of 1895, the Store gun of 1897 with a recharge it is longitudinal sliding tsevem ("pompovoe"). Also the Browning worked over systems where for a weapon recharge tap of a part of powder gases from the trunk channel is used. Later it used this scheme in the automatic rifles, machine guns and guns. But company management the Winchester has not approved its undertakings that has served as the reason of definitive transition of John Mozesa Brauninga in 1902 in the Belgian weapon company of Factories Natsional with which it periodically co-operated before.

John Brauninga's cooperation with Factories Natsional has begun with its automatic pistol known under the name «7,65 mm a pistol of the Browning of the sample of 1900». Though it also was designated as a pistol of the sample of 1900, it has been invented even earlier. Together with a pistol the Browning has developed also a new cartridge of calibre of 7,65 mm on bezdymnom gunpowder which surpassed in the capacity and ballistics revolving cartridges on smoky gunpowder. In a combination to a pistol design where the box-shaped shop was inserted into the pistol handle, the weapon has turned out compact and powerful, surpassing all pistols existing on that moment and revolvers. In 1897 one of such pistols has come into the hands of the managing director of the company of Factories Natsional in Gerstale, Belgium. Between the company of Factories Natsional and John Mozesom Brauningom the contract on licence manufacture of a pistol of the Browning of the sample of 1900 has been signed. Mutually advantageous cooperation of the Browning and the company of Factories Natsional has begun with it. The pistol was very popular in the world, and in 1912 its million copy has been let out. But, besides, the name "Browning" became nominal for all automatic pistols.

In 1903 there is a following automatic pistol of a design of John Mozesa Brauninga, received the name «9 mm a pistol of the Browning of the sample of 1903». The design of this military pistol has appeared so successful, that it was issued continuously within 37 years, for this time has been let out about ten millions copies. Under the name "Model 07" the Browning of the sample of 1903 consisted on arms of the Swedish army and in some armies of other countries. It consisted as well on arms of the gendarme case in Russia.

In 1906 the Browning on the basis of the pistol of the sample of 1903 creates pocket or as then of 7,65 mm on bezdymnom gunpowder named "zhiletochnyj" a pistol under the cartridge of calibre. The new pistol receives the name «7,65 mm a pistol of the Browning of the sample of 1906». Structurally it differed from the predecessor a little, but had the drummer, instead of the latent cock and the small sizes. About that, the design was how much successful, says that fact that has been let out these four million ïèñòîëåòîâ.s

In 1910 there was a next model of an autoloading pistol of a design of John Mozesa Brauninga. It differed from model 1906 the twisted spring dressed on a trunk and the increased dimensions. Initially it was issued under calibre of 7,65 mm, in 1912 the variant under 9 mm calibre has been added. The new pistol has received the name «the Pistol of the Browning of the sample 1910/12». Later, in 1922 the Browning has increased the sizes of a pistol at the expense of longer trunk and the handle. Changes have concerned also plugs of fastening of a returnable spring in a shutter casing. This model has received the name «Pistol of the Browning of the sample of 1922».

In 1911 the Browning has developed a military autoloading pistol under a cartridge.45 ASR. The rights to its manufacture the firm has got the Colt and a pistol Colt Ì1911 has started to be issued serially under the name.

On the basis of pistols of the Browning of all models some tens pistols have been developed, there are also exact copies under other names.

In 1917 the Browning develops an easel machine gun, the right to which manufacture the firm buys the Colt. In 1919 the Browning develops already manual machine gun created on the basis of its easel machine gun of 1917. In 1918 John Brauning develops a design of an automatic rifle with a recharge at the expense of tap of a part of powder gases from the trunk channel. It has received the name «the BAR (the Browning of Automatics Rajfl)», and was made in the several countries. In 1921 the Browning had been developed a large-caliber machine gun which has received the name «Browning Ì2». Its design has turned out so successful, that it consisted on arms about 50 countries of the world and is made till now. The gun with vertically coupled trunks, or bokflint Â-25 just like which we have been made ÈÆ-12 and ÈÆ-27 became other known weapon innovation created by John in 1925.

On November, 26th, 1926 at office of firm of Factories Natsional John Mozes Brauning has died of heart attack. Its body has been transported home to America and buried there with military honours.

Already after death of the Browning, in 1935 the company of Factories Natsional has started that John Brauning has not had time to complete during lifetime in manufacture - with model of an autoloading pistol «the Browning Find fault - Pauer». Over its operational development designer Diden Sev who later has developed assault rifle FN FAL worked.