John Cadbury AND Jean Jacob Schweppe / "CadburySchweppes"

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CadburySchweppes

The logo of British corporation Cadbury Schweppes is executed by two fonts - one for Cadbury, and another for Schweppes. Anything surprising in it is not present: the manufacturer of chocolate has united with the manufacturer of aerated water only in 1969. And though each of them had history and the traditions, the alliance has turned out extremely strong.

History Cadbury has begun in 1824 when 22-year-old Englishman John Kedberi has opened a little shop in luxurious area of Birmingham. The young man was the native of the influential family occupying visible position in local kvakerskoj to a community. An accessory to Quakers - very important detail as this circumstance has made considerable impact on business style of the first owners of the company. First of all, young Kedberi was the convinced opponent of drunkenness which he, as well as all Quakers, considered as the main source of poverty. John Kedberi seriously hoped to disaccustom general public to the use of alcoholic drinks, having offered pleasant and safe alternative of health.

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Tea and coffee were the basic goods in its shop, and as exotic to visitors offered cocoa and the drinking chocolate, which owner prepared with own hand. Buyers at Kedberi was a little - afford expensive colonial goods could only the selected representatives of high society. But even affairs in this situation at John Kedberi went not bad. Very soon it became one of leading dealers in Birmingham. Its shop drew general attention: mirror show-windows and the present Chinese in national clothes behind a counter! Advertising which Kedberi placed in Birmingham newspapers has played the role and zazyvnaja.

Increasing demand for cocoa and chocolate has guided all Kedberi at thought entirely to concentrate on their manufacture and sale, and in 1831 John has leased small solodovnju. The idea has appeared successful - the enterprise prospered. In the price-list which has saved up to now of 1842 16 names of drinking chocolate and 11 - cocoa-powder are listed already. Names were intriguing: «the Spanish chocolate», «the Icelandic moss» and even «Chocolate of the believer».

Soon one solodovnej already was not to manage. In 1847 Kedberi has found factory more on the Bridge-strit, in the centre of Birmingham. In assistants John took the younger brother - Benjamin, and together they have based family company Cadbury Brothers of Birmingham. In 1854 brothers Kedberi became official suppliers of cocoa and chocolate for a court yard of the queen of Victoria.

Despite appreciable successes, family business has unexpectedly descended with nakatannyh rails. The partnership of brothers has broken up, and in 1861 John Kedberi in general has departed from affairs «on a state of health». The collapsing enterprise has come into the hands of his sons - Richard and George. Though young men already had time to work under the guidance of the father, experience by it obviously did not suffice. First five years at the head of family business have appeared for Richard and George very difficult - during any moment both brothers seriously thought to replace a trade. Richard wished to leave in land surveyors, and George and at all was going to to move to India, on tea plantations. However conscientiousness and the persistence peculiar to many Quakers, have not allowed them to give cowardly up as a bad job the fatherly inheritance.

1866 when in Holland the press for otzhima butters from cocoa-beans has been invented became a turning point in company history. Having learnt about a novelty, brothers Kedberi have risked and have established a press at the factory. The new technology allowed to let out more tasty and nutritious drink without starched additives. In advertising of a new product it is proud it was informed: «absolutely pure. Hence, the best».

Just at this time in the British parliament the problem of a fake of a foodstuff was discussed. Occurrence of pure cocoa-powder from Cadbury has been recognised by break in manufacture of cocoa and has really affected working out of new laws against falsification of the products accepted in 1872 and 1875. All it became additional advertising for the company for which bill of sale Cadbury have considerably grown.

Affairs again have gone well, and soon business has outgrown factory on the Bridge-strit. It was necessary to look for a new building, and brothers have approached to the decision of this question non-standard. While many companies aspired to locate in a business centre of Birmingham, Richard and George have decided, on the contrary, it to leave. They dreamt to construct "factory-garden" in rural area with pure air where it would be pleasant to people to work and live.

In June, 1878 have found a suitable place - estate Burnbruk in four miles to the south from Birmingham. Territorially it has been located very successfully: nearby to the railway and the Vustersky channel connecting factory with Bristol where arrived because of the sea of cocoa-beans. Nearby there passed two large roads, besides to an estate there was a source of pure water - an indispensable working condition of any factory.

The new factory has received the name "Burnvill". French pronons is not casual: by means of this simple dodge brothers Kedberi hoped to draw additional attention to production as in a fashion there was all French, and chocolate from continent was considered then as the best.

The first brick in basis Burnvillja has been put in pawn in January, 1879, and in September there there has arrived the first train with 230 workers. They were expected not only fine equipped workplaces, but also the big garden, a field for cricket and football, by a platforms for games, kitchen where it was possible to prepare and warm up meal. Have constructed a swimming pool and a medical aid station later. In factory territory the stomatologic office worked even. Even prior to the beginning of building brothers Kedberi have agreed with local railway station about special discounts for employees who went on job from a city.

Pride Burnvillja was the evening school in which young workers could continue (and some and to begin) the education. Its visiting was obligatory. The program very much reminded the school: arithmetics, geography, English language, but then at the desire of pupils to them were added applied subjects - joiner's and potter's business, etc.

In Burnville the tradition of joint morning prays and daily readings of the Bible, begun in 1866 has proceeded. 50 years have refused it later when the quantity of workers has grown so only, that any audience could not contain all at once.

Only one excellent working conditions would not help the company to remain among leaders of the chocolate industry of the country. It was necessary not only hold a quality lath, but also to lift it on new height. Brothers Kedberi also have approached to it responsibly. In 1880 from continent master Frederik Kinshelman whom at factory called simply the Frederik-Frenchman has been invited. Before it and burnvillskimi the task in view was experts: to create firm chocolate which could compete with the best samples from France and Switzerland. (The first experiments on release of chocolate tiles were undertaken at John Kedberi, but on quality they nedotjagivali to production of leading European firms and were rude on taste.)

Soon Cadbury has put on a stream manufacture of high-quality tiled chocolate, nougat, sweets, fruit candy in chocolate, karameli and other sweets. Almost all novelties favourably met the British public, and in due course have started to draw attention and foreign sladkoezhek. The first foreign order has entered 1881 from Australia, and since this moment the geography of deliveries of production Cadbury began to extend steadily. Judging by the documents which have reached us, chocolate Cadbury was well-known and in pre-revolutionary Russia.

After Richard Kedberi's unexpected death in 1899, the management of the company has actually passed to representatives of the third generation of family Kedberi. The youth in board of directors (Cadbury Brothers it has been transformed to the private company with limited liability) stood up for scientific model of management. At the company the research laboratory, advertising and calculation departments, department of sales, working committee, a pension fund for employees have been created. A lot of attention was given to design and marketing of new production.

1905 became year of occurrence of a hit of all times and the people from Cadbury - chocolate Dairy Milk. After long experiments masters of the company managed to develop the recipe of chocolate with the gentle and sated creamy taste which has shaken for the first time domination of Swisses in the milk chocolate market. And to this day Dairy Milk (in three ipostasjah: Dairy Milk, Fruit and Nut and Whole Nut) remains card Cadbury. And its recipe - «one and a half glass of whole milk on everyone product half-pound» - has turned in due course to a quality symbol, and now «one and a half glass of milk» decorate a company logo. According to Cadbury, it is annually made more than 250 million chocolate bars Dairy Milk, and the general profit on its sale has passed for 100 million pounds sterling.

In an interval between two world wars chocolate has passed from a category of the goods of luxury in the category of popular products. According to this tendency, Cadbury it has been reoriented on mass production of chocolate production. In a company coin box began to appear more and more "national" brands which used huge popularity as in the Great Britain, and abroad: Milk Tray, Creme Eggs, Roses, etc.

In 1919 Cadbury has merged in company J. S. Fry and Sons from Bristol, the assortment has extended. Companies Fry much of products, such as Fry’s Chocolate Cream, a chocolate bar «1853» with white fondant inside, started in 1853 (probably "oldest" brand in England), and Turkish Delight remain popular to this day.

And in 1960 Cadbury has become interested in sugar candies, company Pascall Murray acquisition - the manufacturer of known stamps of sugar candies Murray Mints and Pascall Fruit Bonbons became a consequence of that.

Over hundred years Cadbury remained family business, and only in 1943 the first director who is not a part of a family has been appointed. In 1962, after serious reorganisation, there was Already open Joint-stock company - Cadbury Limited.

In market Cadbury was one of indisputable leaders, therefore for the company the decision to search for possibility for growth in other branches became quite logical. In 1969 Cadbury has united with the known manufacturer of soft drinks - company Schweppes that has led concern Cadbury Schweppes to in the lead position in the markets - confectionery and soft drinks.

Schweppes has approached to this merge by not so poor relative. Its history still ancient, than at Cadbury, and the roots leaves in XVIII century. Curiously, as founder Schweppes set as the purpose if and not to disaccustom the stray souls to a hard liquor, then to make their use by more safe.

Johann Jacob Shvepp, the German by origin, holding a jeweller bench in Geneva, since a youth dreamt to create nonalcoholic champagne - with vials, but without spirit. 20 years of experiments have crowned in 1783 the invention of installation for soda water manufacture. SHvepp has tried to sell the drink in Switzerland, but has soon thought, that in England demand for it will be above, and in 1790 has moved there. Englishmen were famous for the predilection to brendi, and SHvepp expected to fill with production a niche of thinners brendi.

J. Schweppes and Co. Has very quickly grown, and its drink has won such popularity what to let out "aerated water" have rushed all to a clod not laziness. However surpass company production in quality could nobody. In 1831 Schweppes became the supplier soda for a royal court yard.

In 1834 J. Schweppes and Co. It has been got by John Kemp-Uelchem and William Evillom which have filled up company assortment with the flavoured aerated drinks.

In 1870th years release of brands Tonic Water and Ginger Ale has begun. Popularity of the first was much promoted by a geopolitical situation. The Great Britain owned set of colonies in the most different parts of the world, and the military men billeted there quite often suffered from a malaria. Quinine was considered as a good prophylactic, but to use it in the pure state it was unpleasant because of bitter taste. In Schweppes have thought up to mix quinine, oranges and sugar in one drink. Tonic has liked military men, especially in India as fine satisfied thirst and simultaneously protected from a malaria.

In 1886 Schweppes it has been transformed to the company with limited liability, and in 1897 for the first time has let out the actions in open sale.

In the XX-th century company growth has proceeded. To the beginning of Second World War Schweppes became the unconditional leader among the British manufacturers of soft drinks. War, naturally, has braked company development, but in 1948 sales volume Schweppes has exceeded pre-war indicators.

As well as Cadbury, Schweppes always gave a lot of attention to advertising. In the early sixties for the first time there has passed an advertising campaign «Schhh …» in which it is masterful coincidence of the name of the company to a sound of an opened bottle is beaten.

Resulted merge of two giants Cadbury Schweppes has developed uniform strategy on fastening and consolidation of the positions in the world market. To the middle 1980 company was definitively defined with the basic directions of the job (confectionery products and drinks) and has started to get rid of not profile brands. Joining of the profile companies has in parallel proceeded, and also investments into confectionery manufacture have increased by territories of other countries, including in Russia.

This policy has born fruit: if in the early eighties market capitalisation Cadbury Schweppes made 525 million pounds sterling in 1993 the company was estimated already in 4,3 mlrd pounds sterling. In total for 25 years of "a joint life» company incomes have grown almost in 20 times.

The largest transaction Cadbury Schweppes was acquisition in 1995 of company Dr Pepper/Seven-Up thanks to which the group takes now the third place in the world market of soft drinks, conceding only Coca-Cola and PepsiCo. The same year Cadbury Schweppes left on the fourth place among world manufacturers of sweets.

Activity Cadbury Schweppes does not decrease and last years. According to the company, since August, 2000 it has spent for strategically important acquisitions nearby 2 mlrd pounds sterling. Among the most appreciable transactions of 2001 - purchase at company Pernod Ricard of group of nonalcoholic brands (Orangina, Yoo-Hoo, Pampryl, etc.) and capacities in Europe, the North America and Australia.

Cadbury - the leader in the chocolate market of the Great Britain, 50 brands having more. To it belongs 12 of 30 most popular products in Incorporated Kingdom. On 4 manufactures of Britain 4 500 persons work nearby.

Factories work 24 hours a day, production under constant quality assurance is made. So, for example, manufacture Wispa makes 1 680 batonchikov in a minute with huge accuracy - the sizes of air vials are supervised at level 0,2 - 0,3 mm. Also Cadbury makes 300 million chocolate eggs a year, on the average 1 100 pieces in a minute.

Now Cadbury has factories worldwide - in Australia, New Zealand, Malaysia, India, Indonesia, Japan, the countries of Africa, China, Poland and Russia.

And one of the latest news from Cadbury Schweppes - negotiations about purchase of Danish private company Dandy which have begun in the end of April. If the transaction takes place, the portfolio of brands Cadbury Schweppes will replenish with known stamps of a chewing elastic band - Stimorol, Dirol and V6.