Igor Sikorsky / "Sikorsky Aeroingeneering Corporation"

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Each time when US president George Bush should reach the ranch, it has a seat in the helicopter of the stamp "Sikorsky". The Same helicopter the queen of the Great Britain Elizabeth II names the most convenient means of transportation. Igor Sikorsky Americans consider as the national genius. And Russia and Ukraine needs to be proud of its origin silently only.

Each time when US president George Bush should reach the ranch, it has a seat in the helicopter of the stamp "Sikorsky". The Same helicopter the queen of the Great Britain Elizabeth II names the most convenient means of transportation. Igor Sikorsky Americans consider as the national genius. And Russia and Ukraine needs to be proud of its origin silently only.

Igor Sikorsky was born on May, 25th 1889 in Kiev. Since the childhood took a great interest in aviamodelling, in 12 years has constructed the small helicopter with a drive from a rubber plait. Studied in the Sea military school in St.-Petersburg (1903-1906), the Kiev polytechnical institute, short time in Paris. In the summer of 1908 has gone to travel across Europe, Right has met brothers. Having returned to Kiev, has started helicopter creation. In 1909 and 1910 has constructed two cars which and could not lift in air. Having convinced of hopelessness of the further jobs, has decided to be engaged in designing of planes. In 1910-1911 has created some planes of a series With.

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In the summer of 1911 on biplane Ñ-5, supplied with the engine capacity of 50 h.p., has made flight lasting more than an hour and has reached heights of 450 m. The same year has received the flight certificate of the International aviation federation behind number 64.

With 1912 for 1918 Sikorsky headed design office of aviation department of the Russian-Baltic factory which in 1913 and has let out 1914 the first-ever multimotor planes of its design (’ the Grandee ’, ’ Russian hero ’, ’ Ilja Muromets ’). For years of the First World War Sikorsky's 75 four-motor bombers have been constructed.

In 1919 Sikorsky has emigrated to the USA.

Who knows, how there would be a destiny of world aircraft if in 1923 Sergey Rakhmaninov would not borrow $5òûc. To Igor Sikorsky. Having left revolutionary Russia, the known aircraft designer has appeared in out-of-pocket New York to existence and has been compelled to work as the teacher at evening school. On Rakhmaninov's money it managed to found the small design firm Sikorsky Aeroingeneering Corporation which staff was made by jobless Russian emigrants - engineers, working, pilots.

At the beginning Sikorsky has decided to continue the job begun still in Russia, and was engaged in manufacture and perfection of the heavy planes similar well-known «Ile Muromtsu» (standing on arms in imperial army), to an ancestor of modern distant bombers. However, despite support of Russian diaspora, this invention has failed. The First World War has come to the end, and the military technics has appeared not claimed.

It was necessary to create a "national" flying machine. Then Sikorsky has thought up the unique car. The ten-local two-engined amphibian could land there where swam away only «American Indian pies yes boats of the American hunters» earlier. This invention has brought Sikorsky Aeroingeneering Corporation huge popularity on either side of ocean. The quantity of customers promptly grew, and company incomes repeatedly increased. Soon Sikorsky could open own factory in Stratford (State of Connecticut). However even so stunning success has not allowed firm to "be developed" really. Great depression has begun. In June, 1929 to rescue itself from ruin, Sikorsky Aeroingeneering Corporation was a part of corporation United Aircraft and Transport, subsequently renamed in United Technologies.

In 1929 the aircraft designer has received the large civil order first in a life - company Pan American has got some two-engined planes S-38. The car had a short fuselage of a flying boat with highly located tail plumage and the cleaned chassis. Sikorsky continued to develop the success and has started to develop a design of flying machines with the big loading on a wing.

In the early thirties on light there were two unique planes S-40 and S-42. It were the first-ever transport planes equipped with propellers with constant speed of rotation. S-42, created for distant flights, has established in 1934 a record of height (6220), having onboard a payload in weight more than 4900 kg. Amphibian S-42 has made the first flight through Atlantic in 1934 and through Pacific ocean in 1935. In 1937 by serial planes of this type the first passenger transportations through Atlantic have begun also.

In the late thirties the small world market on the sizes of aviation technics has been oversaturated, demand for flying amphibians has started to fall catastrophically, and company Sikorsky Aeroingeneering incurred losses. Being in desperate position, Igor Sikorsky understood, that absolutely new scientific idea which would allow to create absolutely new type of a flying machine is necessary for rescue Sikorsky Aeroingeneering. Within a year the trial copy of the helicopter has been created. For short time the car has got popularity. Stunned with success of the designer of a press has named Igor Sikorsky «the helicopter pilot ¹ 1». Within the next thirty years Sikorsky had been created 18 models of absolutely various helicopters, which steels by an integral part of armed forces almost half of countries of the world.

The first experimental helicopter has personally lifted Igor Sikorsky in air on September, 14th, 1939. After some years skilled double helicopter S-47 (R-4), soon entered a batch production has been created. This car has been constructed under the scheme which became subsequently classical for all world vertoletostroenija. Model S-47 had one big bearing and small tail screw.

During the Second World War at disembarkation of small parties of a landing the American armies constantly sustained essential losses from forces vermahta. In 1942 generals have shown to US president Teodoru Roosevelt Sikorsky's rotary-wing car which occurrence could change essentially an alignment of forces at the front. The helicopter has liked the head of the White house, and he has agreed that the Ministry of Defence will get small party of these flying machines. During the period with 1942 for 1945 in fights Sikorsky's 150 helicopters participated, and they have well recommended themselves. After war the American army has actively started to equip the divisions with helicopters. Today on arms of the Air Forces of the USA there are approximately 7000 helicopters of different function, the most part from them - cars «Sikorskys«.

Mass use of helicopters of Sikorsky has begun in Asia during Korean (1950 - 1953) and Vietnamese wars (1965 - 1972). Since then helicopters S-51 and S-55 became base cars for armed forces of the USA, England and France.

Improving the design and using already become classical the helicopter scheme, Sikorsky has created the lorry, capable to lift 3,5 tons, and then and more powerful load-carrying capacity of 14 tons.

Peak of design career of Russian head of the American corporation of a steel of model S-56 and S-58. S-56 not only one of the largest helicopters of the world, but also the most high-speed. On the letno-technical and economic indicators model S-58 was the best copy of that time. In 1958 serial release of the helicopter has reached record quantity - 400 cars in a year. Licence manufacture S-58 has been adjusted in the several countries of the world, and separate helicopters are maintained even presently.

In 1958 permanent head Sikorsky Aircraft Igor Sikorsky has retired, having reserved a post of the adviser of the company.

In October, 1998 of Dynes Borgman has received the unexpected offer from versatile corporation United Technologies to pass to job in company Sikorsky. Without thinking twice, it has accepted the offer and in July, 1999 became the head of firm.

For that moment production which is let out under the stamp «Sikorsky» already took an in the lead place in the market of average and heavy helicopters a lump from 5 to 33 tons. These helicopters were on arms in all countries of NATO and were used more than in 40 countries of the world.

Since 1998 Sikorsky heads the international project on helicopter S-92 manufacture in which the largest airlines of Japan participate, Spain, China, Brazil and Taiwan. This flying machine intended for the international military doctrines.

In present time practically all key production programs of the USA are based on helicopters of stamp Sikorsky. Helicopters Seahawk have been developed specially for the Navy of the USA, and well-known Black Hawk and Í-60 are widely used in all combat arms of the American armed forces. Heavy ÑÍ-53Å and ÌÍ-53Å are provided for transportation of people and technics during military actions.