William Boeing / "Boeing"

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In 1903 in the USA there was an important event for history of world aircraft: on beach Kitti-Hok in Northern Carolina an airplane of brothers Right has made the flight first in history. At the same time in New Haven, the State of Connecticut, 22-year-old William Boing, the future founder of corporation Boeing, has left walls of Jelsky university and has decided to be engaged in business.

From university William Boing has gone «to a wood thicket». In the XX-th century beginning lesotorgovlja was the second for profitableness after gold mining by business in the USA. Lesotorgovlja has allowed William Boingu to scrape up quickly a decent fortune, and in 1909 it already was one of the most dear citizens of Seattle. In the end of 1909 in Seattle there has passed a trading exhibition Alaska - Yukon - Pacific ocean during which time inhabitants of the western coast have seen for the first time the flying car - a small dirigible balloon.

Then William Boing has understood, that its heart belongs to aircraft. When some months in the next small town Georgetown have taken place later indicative flights on new airplane Curtiss Reims Racer of the known pioneer of the American aircraft of Charles Gamiltona, the Boeing specially went to look at its performances. Flights of Hamilton have ended with failure - on March, 13th, 1910 the airplane of Hamilton has failed in a pond. The pilot was not lost only by miracle. Seen has not cooled William Boinga's heat, and the following some years it has spent for persuading somebody from pilots to take it in flight.

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The dream remained unfulfilled up to 1915 when the destiny has reduced the Boeing with related souls - enthusiasts of air flights by the lieutenant of fleet Konradom Uesterveltom and pilot Tiroj Maroni. On double airplane Maroni the Boeing itself has risen for the first time in air, and having landed already knew well, that the plane is necessary to it.

The Boeing has gone to Los Angeles to study in piloting of planes at Glenn Martin - unsurpassed authority of those years. From Los Angeles it has returned on own hydroplan.

On the bank of lake the Union the Boeing has reconstructed an old boat hangar for planes and has organised Pacific Aero Club which gave the chance to all interested persons to make for small money walk on an airplane. The design of the hydroplan of Martin did not suit the Boeing, and William has decided to create own plane. Together with Uesterveltom they have found engineer-self-educated person Herba Mantera experimenting airplanes in the shed near to Seattle, on islet Djuemish. It has helped to develop a design of the new hydroplan (named B&W under the first letters of surnames of customers) and has constructed the two first plane. On July, 15th, 1916 William Boing has risen for the first time in air by the plane, and all a month has registered later corporation Pacific Aero Products Co (further the enterprise have renamed in Boeing Airplane) which should build hydroplans for navy fleet of the USA. In this company the Boeing has enclosed almost $100 000 - huge money on those times.

Thanks to strategy diversifikatsii manufactures Boeing Airplane has mastered the market of post transportations. And in 1927, having won the contract of Federal post department of the USA (a victory the plane of model 40 has gained), "Boeing" became the first-ever aviapostman. For realisation of the project of post and other transportations the head of the company has created the first service division - Boeing Air Transport. Has started to function and the first aviatransport line of San Francisco - Chicago. But also it innovatoru was insufficiently. In 1929 in the sky the new three-motor plane of model 80As on 12 passengers has risen. Aboard the plane stewardesses for the first time have risen. In 1930 William Boing has presented passenger-and-freight car Monomail (obtekaemostju forms it is reminded by modern "Boeing") on public court.

Soon Boeing Airplane Company has turned in Boeing Airplane and Transport Corporation. There were also new divisions: Boeing School of Aeronautics in Oakland, Boeing Aircraft of Canada, etc. the Company collected planes, built airdromes, let out engines and propellers, trained pilots and aircraft technicians, rendered aviatransport services. And on February, 1st, 1929 on light there was a present colossus - United Aircraft and Transportation Corporation. The Boeing corporation became powerful aviabuilding and transport empire, and its head - one of the richest and succeeding businessmen of America.

Not to admit autocracy in aviatransport sphere, the parliament of the USA has accepted the law which has destroyed empire of the Boeing in 1934. The new document forbade aviacivil engineering firms to be simultaneously owners and the transport and post companies. The huge holding has broken up on:

    * United Air Lines (aviatransportations)
    * United Aircraft;
    * Boeing Aircraft Company (building of planes on east and at the western coast of America).

William Boing long time could not recover from blow: everything, that was created with such work, has been destroyed with the stroke of the pen. Broken and got tired, the magnate has left on rest, having decided to observe the aviation child from the party. Reins of government have been passed friends and colleagues - to Phillip Johnson and Klermontu Egtvedtu. However the life of the investor did not respond uneasy nature of the Boeing. At the age of 53 years it has opened new business. Thoroughbred breeding horses became its new passion.

After 1934 company Boeing has directed all efforts to working out of new models of planes. In 1935 on light there was fighter Kaydet which has become by the main training aircraft of aircraft of the USA. These cars it has been constructed more than 10 000 pieces. In 1936 Boeing has concluded the contract with airline PanAmerican and for long years became its main partner. In 1938 light the passenger model 307 Stratoliner which has become by the sample of the plane for passenger lines on the following of 10 years has seen. During same time bombers Â-17 and Â-29, and also sea bomber XPBB-1 Sea Ranger have been developed.

During the Second World War company Boeing became the largest manufacturer military aircraft technicians in the world. On its capacities the planes developed by competitors - attack planes Douglas DC-7B were going to not only Â-17 and Â-29, but also. The air fleet of the allies which have brought down in the end of war of thousand of tons of bombs to Germany, almost has been completely collected at factories Boeing. The bomber which has dumped a nuclear bomb to Hiroshima, is too child Boeing. 1944 has become history of the company under the name «Fight at Kansas». This year at assembly factory in Uichite all conceivable records of productivity have been broken. Working in an emergency mode, the factory let out to 16 planes in day - a record which is not beaten till now.

After war orders have run low, for Boeing heavy times have again begun. In 1946 of the company it was necessary to dismiss 70 000 persons. Held a post of general director William Allen it was necessary to search urgently for ways of an exit from crisis. The company has begun job over new passenger planes, has presented to the government of the USA of model of new bombers and for the first time the earth - air »was engaged in manufacture of ballistic missiles and class rockets-interceptors«. Under the guidance of Allen the company has started to let out legendary «flying fortresses» Â-52, air zapravshchiki ÊÑ-135 and the first American jet passenger planes of model 707.

In 1958 three planes of model 707-120 have got military-air forces of the USA for the president of the country and its nearest environment. To this escort call signs Air Force One have been appropriated. Since then in the majority of the countries of the world the plane of the president of the country is called «a board number one».

In 1960 corporation Boeing has started to develop a space direction. There were first projects of manned orbital station Dyna-Soar and carrier rockets Saturn V intended for program Apollo. In 1963 NASA has chosen Boeing for the flight organisation into a lunar orbit and photographing of a lunar surface at a short distance. This project has been realised in 1966, and in 1969 spaceship Apollo 11 put into orbit by means of carrier Saturn, delivered astronauts to the Moon.

In 1967 the liner 737 to which could become the most sold plane of all times and the people has gone to the first flight. The general number of the sold cars has exceeded 2000 pieces. After a year on a scene there was the biggest in the world the passenger liner 747: scope of its wings was more than extent of the first flight of brothers Right.

The strip udach has interrupted in 1970-1972 when because of government program curling on working out of supersonic plane SST, the terminations of program Apollo and beginning oil crisis Boeing it was necessary to reduce more half of workplaces. Then local authorities have felt, that means Boeing for economy of Seattle and all State of Washington. Thousand unemployed have left a city, and on the highway conducting in the centre of the country, there was a well-known poster: «If you last who leaves Seattle, - extinguish behind yourselves light!» To deduce the company from the next crisis it was necessary to already new general director - to Torntonu Wilson.

In process of overcoming of oil crisis the portfolio of orders replenished, and company affairs again have gone uphill. Wilson has coped with a problem on restoration of the company and has passed Boeing to successor Frenku Shrontsu from which the post of the general director has passed to Filipu Konditu.

At Kondite corporation Boeing has definitively affirmed as the world leader of the aviation industry, the largest manufacturer of civil and military planes, the basic American contractor as building of the international space station, the company number one in the USA on export volume, the giant with the annual sales volume reaching $60 billion At Kondite Boeing has made two grandiose corporate acquisitions: in 1996 company Rockwell - the developer well-known «space shuttles», and in 1997 - McDonnell Douglas, the unique American manufacturer of civil planes who made long years competition Boeing has been bought.

On border of millenia corporation Boeing has got again to «a turbulence zone». In 2003 Boeing has for the first time in history given the first place among suppliers of civil planes to the European concern Airbus. In first half of 2003 "espionage" scandal in which course Boeing it has been accused of use of secrets Locheed Martin has burst; besides, the company had to listen to charges in unethical lobbying of the interests in the government of the USA. These scandals have compelled Fila Kondita to send at first in resignation of several employees from the company top management, including financial director Mike Sirsa whom many named the future general director of the company, and then and most to send in the resignation.
Now the company the group of former managers McDonnell Douglas will operate, and the post of the general manager has got to Harry Stounsajferu who were SEO got company. In Seattle joke, that «McDonnell Douglas has bought Boeing on money Boeing».

Competitors assert, that the leader of a world aircraft industry does not have new ideas. It not absolutely so: company Boeing prepared for technological break, developing model of high-speed superliner Sonic Cruiser, but has decided not to risk with a conclusion of the revolutionary plane and has frozen this project. The liner started quickly in manufacture 7J7 by and large is revolutionary only from the point of view of ergonomics of salon and external design, and as the answer to a superliner of company Airbus A380 Superjumbo Boeing leaving in 2006 can offer only the modified version of model 747 which are on a threshold of the fortieth anniversary.

Military division Boeing has lost companies Locheed Martin the tender for working out of a fighter of the fifth generation which is estimated in $200 billion If management Boeing quickly does not find ways of an exit from crisis the company, whose name became a symbol of successes of world aircraft, the unenviable future waits.