Konosuke Matsushita / "Matsushita Electric Industrial"

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Konosuke Matsusita was born on November, 27th, 1894 in prefecture Wakayama, Japan. It was younger among three brothers and five sisters in a family of the landowner receiving the income of delivery of the earths in rent to local peasants. Its carefree childhood has come to an end early enough after in 1898 the father has lost the house and the earths because of unsuccessful gamble in the market of fig. of Difficulty of a life in close city apartment in the conditions of constant shortage of money in family Matsusita were accompanied by deterioration of health Konosuke and death of its two big brothers and sisters in 1901 from an infectious disease.

Konosuke Matsushita was born on November, 27th, 1894 in prefecture Wakayama, Japan. It was younger among three brothers and five sisters in a family of the landowner receiving the income of delivery of the earths in rent to local peasants. Its carefree childhood has come to an end early enough after in 1898 the father has lost the house and the earths because of unsuccessful gamble in the market of fig. of Difficulty of a life in close city apartment in the conditions of constant shortage of money in family Matsusita were accompanied by deterioration of health Konosuke and death of its two big brothers and sisters in 1901 from an infectious disease.

At the age of 9 years Konosuke Matsushita has left school and has arrived the pupil at first on hibaci (the enterprise for charcoal manufacture), and then on factory on manufacture of bicycles where it was trained turning and to repair work. When he was 15 years old, interest to an electricity and electric illumination, vidennomu it in trains in Osaka, has forced it to pass in Osaka Electic Light Company as the assistant to the electrical engineer. For some years of job in the company it has grown to a rank of the inspector. However this job did not satisfy the young man who constantly tried to think up something the. After the boss has rejected its offer to begin release of electrocartridges of a new design, Konosuke has decided to leave the company and to begin own business.

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The initial capital of firm Matsushita Electrical Company, has made 95 yens (about $48) - everything, that Matsusita a smog saves for seven years of job in Osaka Light. In March, 1918 he has bought on a cup of rice to itself(himself) and "personnel" - to wife Mumeno, her brother and two workers, and this simple meal has replaced a traditional banquet on the occasion of opening of "own business».

Anybody from five employees of new firm had even no secondary education. That they plainly did not know was even worse how it is necessary to make electric sockets and cartridges. The lack of knowledge was compensated by persistent job - for seven days in a week, without days off.

Help has come in the name of former colleague Matsusity who has prompted to it as it is possible to make izoljatsionnyj an element in a cartridge. In four months the firm managed to create some working samples.

Wholesale dealers have met the new goods cool so Matsusite it was necessary most to go on houses and to offer the «the best electrocartridges in Osaka». However here again it was waited by disappointment: the sales volume for three months has made only 10 yens. As a result both workers have left and at "factory" remained only itself Konosuke with the wife and her brother. To save business, the family had to put in pawn even personal things - up to kimono Mumeno and to work both day and night. Matsusita tried to improve design of the product, experimented new electrotechnical details and devices.

First rather favourable order Matsusite was offered by one of wholesalers who liked this young vigorous person. Company Kawakita Electric passed during that time to manufacture new izoljatsionnyh the payments used in electrofans, and it had faults with deliveries of accessories. Having learnt about it, the wholesaler has advised Matsusite to postpone manufacture of plugs for time and quickly to make 1000 izoljatsionnyh payments for Kawakita. Matsusita has agreed without hesitation. And though for its small workshop it there was very uneasy problem, the order has been executed in time. Konosuke and Mumeno have received 160 yens. All materials and preparations cost half of this sum, and the notable profit on those times, thus, was formed.

Matsusite have informed, that Kawakita remained it is happy with its job, they liked also quality of the goods. As a result it has received the second order, larger.

The first success has helped Matsusite to formulate strategy of the business - high efficiency at lower expenses. The basic formula is simple: the company does not aspire to let out the "revolutionary" goods. But, when such goods are let out by competitors, Manishita tries to improve and reduce the price of a new product as fast as possible. This rule operates and to this day, calling weight of displeasure at competitors. In corporation Sony company Matsusity with sarcasm "simulators" name Manishita, that is.

More or less having risen on feet, the firm tried to let out monthly on the market of one-two new product. Any of them did not become "hit" of sales while in 1922 engineers Matsusity have not thought up a new design of bicycle headlights on batteries. First these goods also have not called enthusiasm wholesale dealers who considered, that buyers do not trust products on batteries. However Matsusita continued manufacture, despite of absence of orders. It has employed three direct-sales representatives and has charged to them to bypass all bicycle shops of Osaka. In each of them employees should leave is a little exemplary the goods, and also to place one lighted headlight on a show-window.

Dealers to whom never offered anything similar, have been intrigued. Having sold trial lots of headlights and having received enthusiastic responses of buyers, they have overloaded firm. As a result of Matsusita began to sell to 2000 headlights in the month, which steels so popular, that many buyers got them for the house - instead of traditional oil lamps. It has guided Matsusitu at thought to start to let out desk lamps for which the first brand of firm - National has been thought up. Later this stamp became one of the most recognised in the world - as well as brand Panasonic which has appeared of some decades after.

By the end 20 at Matsusity was already eight factories on which worked an order of thousand workers. The company let out 20 names of the goods: plugs, electrobulbs, an electricity cable, insulators, heating devices, batteries, lanterns and bicycle headlights, radio receivers and details to them.

Only on a boundary of 1950th years in the company have decided to make the goods of high quality and have created the system of working out of new production. However Matsusita was afraid to risk and has organised joint venture with Dutch concern Philips. In 1952 has appeared Matsushita Electric Industrial. The Japanese party deducted Philips a royalty for a technological management. In turn Dutches paid to Japanese for the organisation of operation of business. The new firm has constructed modern factory in Japan, and Matsushita it was possible to lift quality a tele-and radio equipment to world level. A year later the company had a research laboratory for working out of the new goods.

In 1961 Konosuke Matsusita has made decision to leave with a post of president Matsushita, having reserved only a place of the chairman of board of directors. However after some years - at the height of an economic crisis of the middle 60 - it had to return to an operative management of the company once again to help the child to overcome problems. It supervised over it to the middle of 80th years

Konosuke considered, that company Matsushita should bring the contribution to development of a society by means of manufacture of devices so cheap and accessible, as water. Till today (young workers sometimes are confused) all employees of the company should sing every morning a hymn and chorus to repeat motto Konosuke: «Our job will improve a life, and we will bring the contribution to public progress». So occurs day by day in 46 countries of the world. Matsushita Electric Industrial long was under the influence of a phantom of its founder which has died in 1989. Only global losses have forced company management to reconsider «the sacred writing» Matsusity.

For decades of board Konosuke Matsusity its figure became cult, and not only in the company, but also in all Japanese corporate world. Round his name there was the original folklore based, however, on real cases. Is there, for example, and such history which is bearing a faint resemblance to legends about Lenin. In 1970 about 7,6 million persons have visited pavilion Matsushita on the World's fair in Osaka. In some days after opening of pavilion the protection observing of visitors by means of special television cameras, has noticed most Konosuke Matsusitu, patiently standing in long turn on an input. Responsible for job of pavilion the employees stunned with the unexpected phenomenon of the owner, have rushed to it: «Mister Matsusita, well why you stand in a queue here?.». «About, I simply wished to find out, what is the time it is necessary to wait to people before to get inside …» - responded Matsusita.

Personal modesty and asketichnost Matsusity too have entered into a legend. Being already very elderly person, it continued to fly usual flights though presumed to itself the personal plane. First anniversary which the firm has noted in a big way, there was its 50 anniversary. Itself Matsusita recollected, that wished to celebrate five years' anniversary, but has changed the mind: and suddenly the firm will not live before the 10 anniversary? From the same reasons the 10 anniversary and the company 20 anniversary were not celebrated. 35th anniversary as shortly before it Matsusita has visited Europe has been extremely modestly noted and has understood what to rejoice still early. And even on 50-year-old anniversary Matsusita has suggested to consider, that all these years «pre-natal development» the companies proceeded, and its present life begins just now.

Not technologies, and marketing have appeared a weak place of corporation Matsushita. In the world IT Market dynamical changes have begun, and the company remained too slow. In Matsushita have taken a great interest in race behind new products, forgetting to lay off morally becoming outdated and not best-selling production.

Though by 2000 the basic brand - Panasonic - still was popular all over the world, and the company held strong positions in the national Japanese market of cellular telephones, the DVD-equipment and systems of automatic control for cars, position Matsushita in sector of TVs and videorecorders became appreciable to weaken.

In 2002 Matsushita declared the largest losses. Following the results of the come to the end fiscal year the company has lost $3,24 billion Sales volume was reduced to 10 %, having made $51,7 billion In the company have noted break-even sales level decrease practically in all sectors: manufacture of mobile phones, factory machine tools and robots, semiconductors and electronic components. Financial results Matsushita have overthrown it from an in the lead position in the world market of household electronics, having allowed the basic competitor - companies Sony - to leave forward.

Today Matsushita Electric Industrial lets out all spectrum of household and office electronics, computers, industrial and medical devices, a communication facility, semiconductors. Also works in 46 countries.